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AAPG awards are presented to individuals recognizing their service to the profession, the science, the Association and the public. Heading the list is Gerald M. Friedman who has been named to receive the Sidney Powers Memorial Award, AAPG's highest honor.
Nuclear magnetic resonance wireline tools have become an important part of many companies' operations. How important? Case studies from wells in the Gulf of Mexico and on the Gulf Coast illustrate just what NMR can add to the overall downhole picture.
Real-time well analysis that takes place during actual drilling helps manage deviations that are too small to detect with seismic data, but could interefere with drilling. 1998 Pacific Section H. Victor Church awarded for a poster session on a project in Ventura, California, shares the 'Advantages of Real Time LWD Dipmeter Data.'
How much effort is going toward improving recover from already producting fields? A survey taken of nearly 300 AAPG members in five U.S. cities by the AAPG Reservoir Development Committee may surprise readers with their answers.
This article is the first in a series about integrated disciplinary teams. Though not a new concept to the industry, the explosion of new technology such as 3-D and 4-D seismic, reservoir simulation and a host of drilling innovations has created the need for technical staff from several geoscience and engineering disciplines to work together.
Rare is the financier who can look at a 2-D map and visualize the pertinent data in three dimensions. But when a 3-D model is available, the folks who deal with capital can better understand complex geological concepts by actually seeing fault closure, stratigraphic traps and such, thereby leaving less to the imagination.
Oil is produced from the Manderson Field, in Wyoming's Big Horn County, from a fracture system with possible significant lateral connectivity -- so characterizing the fractures in this field is of great importance.
Three-dimensional modeling and reservoir visualization tools are increasingly used to add value to California heavy oil projects.
Date: 25 September 2022 Time: 8:30am - 4:30pm Course Instructor: Alberto Ortiz, Net Zero Carbon Solutions Registration Fee: $530 Registration Deadline: 25 August 2022 Short Course registration is included as part of the GTW registration process. The petrophysical characterization of unconventional shale-type reservoirs has been one of the most approached and relevant issues in the oil and gas industry in the last 8 years. This is because after several years, the operating companies comprehended the impact that an appropriate characterization of the reservoir has on their project economics. Another reason for this were the technical obstacles encountered in the measurement of petrophysical properties such as porosity, saturation and permeability due to the complexity of this type of reservoir. Obstacles and limitations not only relate to laboratory measurements but also to electrical logging tools. As a consequence of this, nowadays, petrophysical evaluations in this type of reservoir do not have standardized workflows established and accepted worldwide as is the case for conventional reservoirs. This motivates the professionals involved in the study of this type of rocks to dedicate a lot of effort in the validation of the technologies used, and sometimes it is difficult for them to understand the results, the evaluation of uncertainties and the construction of petrophysical models with results and representative parameters of the subsurface conditions. This course will focus on providing key knowledge for a better characterization of the rock both in the aspects related to the matrix represented by mineralogy and kerogen as well as the fluids present. The approach will be based on the convergence of different technologies that support and give robustness to the results. The contents that will be provided will include laboratory testing techniques and petrophysical evaluation of electrical well logs for unconventional shale-type reservoirs. The contents provided will cover a variety of studies based on the most diverse physical principles that will include the latest advances and techniques used in the industry such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Spectroscopy, Dielectric, Computed axial tomography and SEM images, among others. As a result of this, attendees will have tools that allow a more comprehensive understanding of this type of rocks, a better assessment of the uncertainty of the model used and the necessary steps to improve its precision, accelerating the learning curve. The contents provided will also allow knowing the critical parameters that must be taken into account for the definition of areas to be drilled. Course Topics Reservoir heterogeneity characterization from outcrops to lab data and electrical logging. Most relevant unconventional plays of the world. Main characteristics. The petrophysical model. Components and definitions, construction, uncertainties, strengths and weakness. Lab studies: porosity, saturation, mineralogy, organic geochemistry and permeability. Electrical logging response on unconventional shale plays: triple combo, NMR, NMR T1T2, nuclear spectroscopy, spectral GR, dielectric. The effect of maturity on kerogen. Challenges on water saturation calculation. Data integration. Interpretation workflows and core calibration.
This is a less-technical education topic. It can be condensed to an hour or given as 2 two-hour sessions. It stresses selected controversial aspects of fracking that touch some combination of environment and economics and includes a short video of how fracking is done.
Request a visit from David Weinberg!
The following short course option was developed for geology and geophysics students that have not had much exposure to how geoscience is applied in industry. It can be tailored for undergraduate juniors and seniors or graduate students. The agenda can be modified to meet specific needs and time constraints. Contact the presenter to discuss options.
Request a visit from Fred Schroeder!
Analysis of microseismicity induced by hydraulic fracture stimulation in the Marcellus Shale shows changes in stress state for different zones of failure. During the treatment, shear failure occurs on both the J1 and J2 fracture orientations in response to different maximum stress orientations, indicating localized changes in the orientation during the treatment. Reactivation of a fault near the wellbore is associated with failure mechanisms with a higher volumetric component, indicating possible inflation of faults and fractures by the introduction of the slurry. Quantification of the stress conditions that are associated with inflation could potentially be used to optimize the stimulation by identifying which fractures will preferentially take on slurry volume.
Request a visit from Sherilyn Williams-Stroud!
This lecture will discuss the differences between carbonates and siliciclastics from their chemical composition through their distributions in time and space. Building on these fundamental differences, we will explore the challenges carbonates pose to petroleum geologists in terms of seismic interpretation, reservoir quality prediction, field development, etc. Peppered with humorous personal stories, still raging academic debates, and the heartfelt frustrations of real industry professionals, the aim is to inspire students and young professionals to rise to the occasion and embrace the reservoir rocks that petroleum geologists love to hate.
Request a visit from Noelle Joy Purcell!
Production from unconventional petroleum reservoirs includes petroleum from shale, coal, tight-sand and oil-sand. These reservoirs contain enormous quantities of oil and natural gas but pose a technology challenge to both geoscientists and engineers to produce economically on a commercial scale. These reservoirs store large volumes and are widely distributed at different stratigraphic levels and basin types, offering long-term potential for energy supply. Most of these reservoirs are low permeability and porosity that need enhancement with hydraulic fracture stimulation to maximize fluid drainage. Production from these reservoirs is increasing with continued advancement in geological characterization techniques and technology for well drilling, logging, and completion with drainage enhancement. Currently, Australia, Argentina, Canada, Egypt, USA, and Venezuela are producing natural gas from low permeability reservoirs: tight-sand, shale, and coal (CBM). Canada, Russia, USA, and Venezuela are producing heavy oil from oilsand. USA is leading the development of techniques for exploring, and technology for exploiting unconventional gas resources, which can help to develop potential gas-bearing shales of Thailand. The main focus is on source-reservoir-seal shale petroleum plays. In these tight rocks petroleum resides in the micro-pores as well as adsorbed on and in the organics. Shale has very low matrix permeability (nano-darcies) and has highly layered formations with differences in vertical and horizontal properties, vertically non-homogeneous and horizontally anisotropic with complicate natural fractures. Understanding the rocks is critical in selecting fluid drainage enhancement mechanisms; rock properties such as where shale is clay or silica rich, clay types and maturation , kerogen type and maturation, permeability, porosity, and saturation. Most of these plays require horizontal development with large numbers of wells that require an understanding of formation structure, setting and reservoir character and its lateral extension. The quality of shale-gas resources depend on thickness of net pay (>100 m), adequate porosity (>2%), high reservoir pressure (ideally overpressure), high thermal maturity (>1.5% Ro), high organic richness (>2% TOC), low in clay (<50%), high in brittle minerals (quartz, carbonates, feldspars), and favourable in-situ stress. During the past decade, unconventional shale and tight-sand gas plays have become an important supply of natural gas in the US, and now in shale oil as well. As a consequence, interest to assess and explore these plays is rapidly spreading worldwide. The high production potential of shale petroleum resources has contributed to a comparably favourable outlook for increased future petroleum supplies globally. Application of 2D and 3D seismic for defining reservoirs and micro seismic for monitoring fracturing, measuring rock properties downhole (borehole imaging) and in laboratory (mineralogy, porosity, permeability), horizontal drilling (downhole GPS), and hydraulic fracture stimulation (cross-linked gel, slick-water, nitrogen or nitrogen foam) is key in improving production from these huge resources with low productivity factors.
Request a visit from Ameed Ghori!
The carbonate sequences that were deposited in the now exhumed Tethyan Ocean influence many aspects of our lives today, either by supplying the energy that warms our homes and the fuel that powers our cars or providing the stunning landscapes for both winter and summer vacations. They also represent some of the most intensely studied rock formations in the world and have provided geoscientists with a fascinating insight into the turbulent nature of 250 Million years of Earth’s history. By combining studies from the full range of geoscience disciplines this presentation will trace the development of these carbonate sequences from their initial formation on the margins of large ancient continental masses to their present day locations in and around the Greater Mediterranean and Near East region. The first order control on growth patterns and carbonate platform development by the regional plate-tectonic setting, underlying basin architecture and fluctuations in sea level will be illustrated. The organisms that contribute to sequence development will be revealed to be treasure troves of forensic information. Finally, these rock sequences will be shown to contain all the ingredients necessary to form and retain hydrocarbons and the manner in which major post-depositional tectonic events led to the formation of some of the largest hydrocarbon accumulations in the world will be demonstrated.
Request a visit from Keith Gerdes!
The following short course option was developed for geology and geophysics students that have not had much exposure to how geoscience is applied in industry. It can be tailored for undergraduate juniors and seniors or graduate students. The agenda can be modified to meet specific needs and time constraints.
Microseismicity induced by hydraulic fracture stimulation of a horizontal well was mapped with a near-surface buried array. Distinct linear trends of events were not parallel to the direction of fast shear wave polarization measured in the reservoir with a crossed-dipole anisotropy tool. Analysis of core from a nearby well revealed numerous calcite-filled fractures that did not induce shear wave polarization, but did significantly impact the failure behavior of the reservoir rock during the stimulation treatment. Hydraulic fracture simulation with DFN modeling and source mechanism analysis supports the interpretation of reactivated existing fractures rather than the formation of hydraulically-induced tensile fractures.
In comparison with the known boundary conditions that promote salt deformation and flow in sedimentary basins, the processes involved with the mobilization of clay-rich detrital sediments are far less well established. This talk will use seismic examples in different tectonic settings to document the variety of shale geometries that can be formed under brittle and ductile deformations.
Request a visit from Juan I. Soto!
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