This lengthy volume completes a two-part treatise on Carbonate Reservoir
Characterization that is suitable for geologists, petroleum
engineers, managers, and
lecturers. Part I, which was published by Elsevier in 1992 as Developments in Petroleum
Science Volume 30, presented the fundamentals
of geologic and engineering concepts for
characterizing and evaluating carbonate reservoirs. Part II, which is reviewed here,
concentrates on technologies and practices us
ed to obtain basic information on carbonate
reservoirs. Together, both volumes are a complete, modern reference to the properties
and production behavior of carbonate petroleum reservoirs.
The first chapter is an Introduction by the
editors that presents an overview of the
other chapters of the book, and also references
Part I, within the context of discussions on
some important topics, e.g. fluid flow
relationships, hydrocarbon recovery, and
importance of fractures. Seismic Expression
of Carbonate Reservoir Systems by C. G.
St. C. Kendell, W. E. Full and G. L. Whittle, which is Chapter 2, presents background
information on seismic data, synthetic seismic traces, and carbonate play types. The
seismic character of diverse carbonate systems is presented in the context of sheet,
buildup, and clinoform margin play types.
Core Analysis and Its Application in
Reservoir Characterization by D. P. Murphy,
G. V. Chilingarian and S. J. Torabzadeh, Chapter 3, succinctly and completely reviews
the various types of coring methods, core handling, and core analysis including special
procedures for carbonates. Chapter 4, Formation Evaluation by D. P. Murphy, examines
the determination of formation properties
of interest including lithology, porosity, pore
fluid saturation and properties, permeability, and net formation thickness within a
framework of understanding the petrophysics of the rock. Both of th
ese chapters are well
written and will be valuable as basic references.
Performance and Classification of Carbonate
Reservoirs by H. H. Rieke III, G. V.
Chilingarian and S. J. Mazzullo, which is Chapter 5 and a m
ajor portion of the book,
focuses on reservoir classification schemes,
incremental recovery technology, reservoir
heterogeneity models, and laboratory and field characterization of heterogeneity. The
review of classifying reservoirs based on fluid composition, drive mechanism, pore
system, or geological framework should prove to
be particularly useful; the discussion of
incremental recovery technology addresses problems of handling macroscopic
heterogeneity by infill drilling, slant-horizontal
drilling, and advanced fracturing; and the
reservoir heterogeneity models section introduces geostatistical approaches to model
building and assigning properties within a mode
l. A summary of reservoir characteristics
and primary performance data is given in table form for 243 reservoirs categorized on
pore type and drive mechanism.
Chapter 6, Well Test Analysis in Carbonate Reservoirs by F. Samaniego V. and
H. Cinco Ley, covers flow behavior and diagnosis, pressure drawdown and buildup tests,
pressure transient analysis, and well interference tests. For each, the methodologies are
explained and shown by detailed examples.
Naturally-Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs
by T. D. Van Golf-Racht, Chapter 7, discusses types of fractures, fracture evaluation, and
the physical properties of fractures and matrix. The evaluation of fractured carbonate
reservoirs through well production or transient flow well data and matrix-fractures
imbibition fluid exchange are important sections.
Chalk Reservoirs by G. M. Friedman, Chapter 8, is a short section principally
describing chalk reservoirs from
the No
rth Sea and North America. Hydrocarbon
Reservoirs in Karsted Carbonate Rocks by S. J. Mazzullo and G.V. Chilingarian, which
is Chapter 9, overviews the origins of karst and classifications of karst reservoirs. The
main sections are on the geological and petrophysical characteristics of karst reservoirs
and recognizing karst in the subsurface using seismic, mapping, drilling characteristics
and well data. Factors Affecting Oil Recovery
from Carbonate Reservoirs and Prediction
of Recovery by N. C. Wardlaw, Chapter 10,
reviews displacement efficiency, volumetric
sweep efficiency, and reservoir models
for simulation of production. Primary and
tertiary recovery strategies are also discussed.
Four appendices are also included: (A) Glossary of selected geological term
s, (B)
Petroleum engineering glossary, (C) Fundamental of surface and capillary forces, and (D)
Sample questions and problems. Of these, the glossaries of terms should be especially
helpful for the nonspecialist. An author index and subject index complete the volume.
This book is an important reference that will be of great use to both geologists
and engineers. Congratulations to the editors
and Elsevier for bringing together such vast
amounts of information within both parts of
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: A
Geologic-Engineering Analysis.
Part 2 should be on everyone's reference shelf, but
because of the extreme high cost it likely won't be.
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