GEOLOGIC NOTE
System-based comparison of environmental, reliability, and cost trade-offs across three generation mix scenarios, by Gurcan Gulen, Jani Das, and Michael Young
This paper collates, for the first time, the results of a multidisciplinary analysis of environmental, reliability, and cost trade-offs across three generation mix scenarios through 2050 in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas power system in Texas. The overarching goal of the research that started in 2021 was to start filling some gaps in policy discussions, which ultimately try to balance society’s inherently conflicting objectives of affordable and continuous electricity service that also minimizes environmental impacts.

ARTICLES
Paleokarst reservoir architecture derived from forward modeling of modern cave systems—A case study, by Bjarte Lønøy, Christos Pennos, Jan Tveranger, Ilias Fikos, George Vargemezis, and Stein-Erik Lauritzen
In some of the world’s largest hydrocarbon provinces, infilled and collapsed cave systems are an essential component for many paleokarst reservoirs. Conceptual modeling methods for this reservoir type are relatively sparse in the literature and often fail to simulate collapse processes realistically or forecast sediment infill. This study proposes a concept-driven approach to paleokarst reservoir modeling that can be used to simulate collapse and infill processes of recent caves systems and generate paleokarst reservoir model analogues.

Improving the mapping of thin-bedded facies in a shallow Upper Miocene delta (Bohai Offshore Basin, China) with enhanced seismic sedimentology, by Hao Liu, A. J. (Tom) van Loon, Changgui Xu, Xiaofeng Du, and Kui Wu
Shallow deltaic thin-bedded sandstones of the Upper Miocene Minghuazhen Formation in the Bohai Offshore Basin are among the most significant offshore hydrocarbon reservoirs in China. The prediction of sandstone is es-sential for breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration. The authors introduce an enhanced seismic lithology workflow, along with refined seismic methods, that have promising advantages for the prediction of thin-bedded reservoirs in different depositional environments.

Improving P-wave velocity prediction of pre-salt carbonates (Santos Basin, Brazil) using thin-section–derived pore geometry, petrophysics, and mineralogy, by Jessica de Souza Moreira, Neida Ilana Cardoso Rios, Marco Antonio R. Ceia, Roseane M. Missagia, Sofia L. Bueno, and Cathy Holli
Several studies have modeled relationships between elastic properties and geological attributes, often combining empirical models with pore geometry. However, the specific effects of pore types and their interactions with other geometric features and porosity on P-wave velocity (Vp) remain unclear. To address this, the authors applied multiple linear regression and Elastic Net machine learning to predict Vp using key variables. Their results highlight the importance of selecting models based on data characteristics, with multiple linear regression emerging as the more effective method for predicting Vp.