Discovery of "Pronghorn" and "Lewis and Clark" Fields: Sweet-
Spots within the Bakken Petroleum System Producing from the
Sanish/Pronghorn Member NOT the Middle Bakken or Three
Forks!. Discovery Thinking talk given by Orion Skinner at AAPG Annual Convention and Exhibition in Long Beach, California, April 22-25, 2012.
Discovery of Bakken Petroleum System sweet
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spots over the last 10 years has advanced by application of preceding paradigms to new areas.
By contrast, each new sweet
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spot represents a distinct combination of multiple play factors. Remaining open
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minded to a
variety of sweet
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spot
factors is fundamental to tight oil resource play exploration. Whiting’s position in North Dakota’s Sanish
Field was based on regional mapping
with a focus on the “B facies” of the middle Bakken juxtaposed to a thermally mature, lower Bakken
S
hale depocenter. Sanish and adjacent
Parshall fields of Mountrail County, ND each represent giant oil fields producing from both the middle Bakken and Three Forks.
Our emphasis on core
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based sedimentology and stratigraphy led us to refine our understanding of middle Bakken facies and recognize the
significance of the 2nd
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order regional angular unconformity separating the Three Forks and the lower Bakken
S
hale. Low
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accommodation
conditions succeeding this unconformity controlled depositional patterns of the entire lowstand (Pronghorn Member of Bakken) to
transgressive (lower, middle, and upper Bakken) systems tracts, up to an MFS at the overlying Scallion Member of the Lodgepole. Regional,
core
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calibrated correlation in both the Pronghorn and the middle Bakken demonstrate that regional variations in siliciclastic and detrital
dolomitic sediment supply and in carbonate productivity during this low accommodation LST
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TST period critically impacted matrix reservoir
quality.
Across the northern Williston Basin, the basal transgressive Pronghorn
Member veneer (type
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section being Antelope Field) has a northeastern
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derived, siliciclastic provenance. By contrast, the southern Williston Basin was the locus of detrital dolomites derived from
the Cedar Creek
paleostructure. The Pronghorn
Member extends well south of any preserved lower, middle, and upper Bakken deposits and is composed of a
transgressive succession of restricted marine detrital dolomites capped by a locally preserved, burrowed limestone that represents open marine
conditions prior to the restricted to anoxic episode marking lower Bakken deposition. Core
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based definition of the Pronghorn Member’s
varying provenance, coupled with core
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and cuttings
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calibrated resistivity mapping to confirm oil saturation, recently led to discovery of
significant new sweet
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spots at Whiting’s “Pronghorn” and “Lewis and Clark” prospects in Stark, Billings, and southernmost McKenzie
counties, ND.