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Sedimentology and Stratigraphy

07 Sep

Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Middle East Call for Posters Expires in 94 days

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Bulletin Article

Tectonic versus diagenetic origin of fractures in a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir analog (Nerthe anticline, southeastern France)

Field analogs allow a better characterization of fracture networks to constrain naturally fractured reservoir models. In analogs, the origin, nature, geometry, and other attributes of fracture networks can be determined and can be related to the reservoir through the geodynamic history. In this article, we aim to determine the sedimentary and diagenetic controls on fracture patterns and the genetic correlation of fracture and diagenesis with tectonic and burial history. We targeted two outcrops of Barremian carbonates located on both limbs of the Nerthe anticline (southeastern France). We analyzed fracture patterns and rock facies as well as the tectonic, diagenetic, and burial history of both sites. Fracture patterns are determined from geometric, kinematic, and diagenetic criteria based on field and lab measurements. Fracture sequences are defined based on crosscutting and abutting relationships and compared with geodynamic history and subsidence curves. This analysis shows that fractures are organized in two close-to-perpendicular joint sets (i.e., mode I). Fracture average spacing is 50 cm (20 in.). Fracture size neither depends on fracture orientation nor is controlled by bed thickness. Neither mechanical stratigraphy nor fracture stratigraphy is observed at outcrop scale. Comparing fracture sequences and subsidence curves shows that fractures existed prior to folding and formed during early burial. Consequently, the Nerthe fold induced by the Pyrenean compression did not result in any new fracture initiation on the limbs of this fold. We assume that the studied Urgonian carbonates underwent early diagenesis, which conferred early brittle properties to the host rock.

Added on 30 November, 2013

Bulletin Article

Organic-rich Marcellus Shale lithofacies modeling and distribution pattern analysis in the Appalachian Basin

The Marcellus Shale is considered to be the largest unconventional shale-gas resource in the United States. Two critical factors for unconventional shale reservoirs are the response of a unit to hydraulic fracture stimulation and gas content. The fracture attributes reflect the geomechanical properties of the rocks, which are partly related to rock mineralogy. The natural gas content of a shale reservoir rock is strongly linked to organic matter content, measured by total organic carbon (TOC). A mudstone lithofacies is a vertically and laterally continuous zone with similar mineral composition, rock geomechanical properties, and TOC content. Core, log, and seismic data were used to build a three-dimensional (3-D) mudrock lithofacies model from core to wells and, finally, to regional scale. An artificial neural network was used for lithofacies prediction. Eight petrophysical parameters derived from conventional logs were determined as critical inputs. Advanced logs, such as pulsed neutron spectroscopy, with log-determined mineral composition and TOC data were used to improve and confirm the quantitative relationship between conventional logs and lithofacies. Sequential indicator simulation performed well for 3-D modeling of Marcellus Shale lithofacies. The interplay of dilution by terrigenous detritus, organic matter productivity, and organic matter preservation and decomposition affected the distribution of Marcellus Shale lithofacies distribution, which may be attributed to water depth and the distance to shoreline. The trend of normalized average gas production rate from horizontal wells supported our approach to modeling Marcellus Shale lithofacies. The proposed 3-D modeling approach may be helpful for optimizing the design of horizontal well trajectories and hydraulic fracture stimulation strategies.

Added on 30 November, 2013

Explorer Geophysical Corner By Farrukh Qayyum,Nanne Hemstra,Paul DeGroot

Adding Texture Attributes to the 3-D Mix

The attributes in question were derived from a HorizonCube, an interpretation technique that provides fully interpreted seismic volumes where horizons are automatically tracked between a given set of framework horizons and faults.

Added on 01 November, 2013

Explorer Article

Four DLs Have Speaking Dates In November

The Distinguished Lecture program, funded in part by the AAPG Foundation, is the Association’s flagship initiative for spreading the latest in science, technology and professional information.

Added on 01 November, 2013

Explorer Historical Highlights By Orlando Méndez

Wellsite Geologist Puts His Job - and Chin! - On the Line

Exploration geologists are scientists and dreamers, observers and analysts.

Added on 01 October, 2013

Explorer Geophysical Corner By Kurt Marfurt,Satinder Chopra

Let's Get Small: Benefits of Reduced Bin Size

Ideally, seismic data should be acquired at high spatial and temporal sampling, so that the small subsurface features of interest can be clearly seen on the seismic display.

Added on 01 October, 2013

Explorer Emphasis Article By Louise Durham

Chapter Two: Wilcox Getting a Second Look

Wil who? Don’t look now, but the Wilcox Trend is making a name for itself – thanks to high oil prices and technology applications, such as hydraulic fracturing.

Added on 01 October, 2013

Explorer Emphasis Article By David Brown

Players Focus on Deepwater Alaminos Canyon

The ultra-deepwater Alaminos Canyon area proved to be a valuable lease purchase in the recent Gulf of Mexico Lease Sale.

Added on 01 October, 2013

Explorer Historical Highlights By Ken Glennie

Eppo Oomkens and the Discovery of Groningen Gas

The Netherlands is renowned for its giant Groningen gas field, which contains about 100 TCF of gas and has a total life expectancy of about 100 years.

Added on 01 September, 2013

Explorer Geophysical Corner By Farrukh Qayyum,Nanne Hemstra,Paul DeGroot,Satinder Chopra

A New Approach to Stratigraphic Interpretation

This article introduces a new set of seismic attributes that play an important role in extracting detailed stratigraphic information from seismic data.

Added on 01 September, 2013

Workshop

Khobar, Saudi Arabia

Monday, 9 October – Wednesday, 11 October 2023, 8:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m.

5th Edition: Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Middle East

The fifth annual AAPG Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Middle East Workshop will take place in Al Khobar in Saudi Arabia from 9 – 11 October 2023. This workshop will bring together professionals from the region to share their knowledge and experience related to siliciclastic reservoirs and showcase the best success stories in the industry on understanding and utilizing oil and gas siliciclastic reservoirs in the region.

Added on 16 November, 2022

Workshop

Khobar, Saudi Arabia

Monday, 4 March – Wednesday, 6 March 2024, 8:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m.

4th Edition: Stratigraphic Traps of the Middle East

Join us for the 4th Edition of: "Stratigraphic Traps of the Middle East" workshop. The workshop will be hosted by AAPG in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia 4-6 March 2024.

Added on 16 November, 2022

Field Seminar

Lisbon, Portugal

Tuesday, 20 June 2023, 8:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m.

Late Jurassic Deep Water Depositional Systems from the Late Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin

Come along on this 1-day field seminar and tour outcrops in the Serra de Montejunto, just north of Lisbon and on the coast from Porto Novo to Paimogo. Instructors: Ricardo Pereira, GeoBioTec - Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Gil Machado, ChronSurveys Lda & Instituto Dom Luiz Fees: €190 - Local VAT applicable Limit: 20 Participants Includes: Ground Transportation Snacks and Refreshments Lunch and Dinner Guidebook Departure Time/Location 20 June 2023 8:30am Hotel Dom Pedro Note:Transportation to start point is not included in the costs of this trip. Please bring clothing for hot day time temperatures (sun hat/ sun glasses/ sun cream etc.). Participants must wear suitable and comfortable light trekking shoes. Aims To gain or increase an understanding of the tectono-sedimentary processes of continental extension and rifting supported by outcrop observations, with focus on deep-depositional marine systems. Discuss implications for prospective petroleum systems. Promote debate and nourish new insights between attendants. About the Field Trip The Lusitanian Basin records the proximal events of syn- to post rift evolution of the hyper-extended West Iberian Margin, showing some outstanding examples of the combined tectono-stratigraphic depositional systems. Here, the Late Jurassic reveals diverse aspects of mixed marine depositional systems including not only submarine fans and turbidites, but also the build-up of carbonate reefs and shoreface to fluvial clastic sequences. Throughout the field trip the different depositional aspects can be observed in detail to demonstrate how such depositional systems can vary in time and space. Observation of these outcrops allows a better understanding on how deep-water depositional systems can change within a sub-basin and help improving the understanding of reservoir properties.

Added on 06 February, 2020

Workshop

Lisbon, Portugal

Wednesday, 21 June – Thursday, 22 June 2023, 8:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m.

Mixed/Hybrid Systems (Turbidite, MTDs and Contourites) on Continental Margins

This 3-day conference brings together diverse experts working on modern and ancient turbidite, MTDs, contourite and hybrid/mixed systems in order to improve the present-day knowledge, models and predictive power.

Added on 06 February, 2020

VG Abstract By Keith Gerdes

Tethyan Carbonates - Linking Tropical Seas and Crashing Plates to Some of the Largest Oil and Gas Fields in the World

The carbonate sequences that were deposited in the now exhumed Tethyan Ocean influence many aspects of our lives today, either by supplying the energy that warms our homes and the fuel that powers our cars or providing the stunning landscapes for both winter and summer vacations. They also represent some of the most intensely studied rock formations in the world and have provided geoscientists with a fascinating insight into the turbulent nature of 250 Million years of Earth’s history. By combining studies from the full range of geoscience disciplines this presentation will trace the development of these carbonate sequences from their initial formation on the margins of large ancient continental masses to their present day locations in and around the Greater Mediterranean and Near East region. The first order control on growth patterns and carbonate platform development by the regional plate-tectonic setting, underlying basin architecture and fluctuations in sea level will be illustrated. The organisms that contribute to sequence development will be revealed to be treasure troves of forensic information. Finally, these rock sequences will be shown to contain all the ingredients necessary to form and retain hydrocarbons and the manner in which major post-depositional tectonic events led to the formation of some of the largest hydrocarbon accumulations in the world will be demonstrated.

Request a visit from Keith Gerdes!

Added on 24 August, 2015

DL Abstract By Tao Sun

Integrated Reservoir Characterization and Modeling with Computational Stratigraphy

As oil and gas exploration and production occur in deeper basins and more complex geologic settings, accurate characterization and modeling of reservoirs to improve estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) prediction, optimize well placement and maximize recovery become paramount. Existing technologies for reservoir characterization and modeling have proven inadequate for delivering detailed 3D predictions of reservoir architecture, connectivity and rock quality at scales that impact subsurface flow patterns and reservoir performance. Because of the gap between the geophysical and geologic data available (seismic, well logs, cores) and the data needed to model rock heterogeneities at the reservoir scale, constraints from external analog systems are needed. Existing stratigraphic concepts and deposition models are mostly empirical and seldom provide quantitative constraints on fine-scale reservoir heterogeneity. Current reservoir modeling tools are challenged to accurately replicate complex, nonstationary, rock heterogeneity patterns that control connectivity, such as shale layers that serve as flow baffles and barriers.

Request a visit from Tao Sun!

Added on 20 July, 2022

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